Mathbaria and Bamna upazilas on the north, the bay of bengal on the south, Barguna Sadar and the river Bishkhali on the east, Sarankhola upazila and the river Haringhata on the west, Main rivers are Bishkhali and Haringhata.

Patharghata thana was turned into an upazila in 1982. The upazila consists of 7 union parishads, 42 mouzas and 67 villages.

Patharghata Upazila is located in Barguna District. Upazilla(s)/Thana(s) in Barguna are Amtali Upazila, Bamna Upazila, Barguna Sadar Upazila, Betagi Upazila, Patharghata Upazila.